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Defining Planethood
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| midtskogen | Date: Thursday, 09.06.2016, 05:33 | Message # 151 |
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| The geocentric model was abandoned centuries ago, but philosophers in the antiquity would agree with steeljaw354: They held that there were 7 planets: The Sun, the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.
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| JackDole | Date: Thursday, 09.06.2016, 07:52 | Message # 152 |
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| Quote midtskogen (  ) They held that there were 7 planets: The Sun, the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.
That's what I've said here:
Quote JackDole ( ) The term planet means something like wanderer, and in ancient times all the objects were so called, who are wandering across the sky. So I think only the planets that were known in ancient times, should be called planets: Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus! All other would then be 'dwarf planets' because they are so small that they can not seen! 
 
Perhaps it is this that gave steeljaw354 the idea. Then it's my fault! 
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Edited by JackDole - Thursday, 09.06.2016, 07:55 |
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| midtskogen | Date: Thursday, 09.06.2016, 09:35 | Message # 153 |
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| Yes, "planet" is Greek, and the Latin term is "stella errans" (as in the old meaning of English "to err" - "to stray off"). In modern languages: "wandering star", "Wandelstern", "vandrestjerne", as opposed to "fixed star", "Fixstern", "fiksstjerne" (Latin "stella fixa"). These terms come from the geocentric worldview.
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| steeljaw354 | Date: Thursday, 09.06.2016, 10:16 | Message # 154 |
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| If planet 9 is really real, it should be named Pluto because it is a "destroyer" and "controller" and we should rename Pluto to Cupid because it has a heart on it. Problem solved? And I also think uranus should be renamed to "Caelus" to avoid the issues with the name "uranus". It is pronounced "Say-less" instead of the rather awkward name that uranus has.
Edited by steeljaw354 - Thursday, 09.06.2016, 10:32 |
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| midtskogen | Date: Thursday, 09.06.2016, 10:30 | Message # 155 |
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| A heart?
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Edited by midtskogen - Thursday, 09.06.2016, 10:33 |
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| steeljaw354 | Date: Thursday, 09.06.2016, 10:33 | Message # 156 |
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| Here is the image.
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| midtskogen | Date: Thursday, 09.06.2016, 10:43 | Message # 157 |
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| Rename a planet because an incorrect pronunciation in a single language is the source of jokes? Chances are high that Caelus could be something awkward in some other language.
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| HarbingerDawn | Date: Thursday, 09.06.2016, 11:27 | Message # 158 |
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| Quote steeljaw354 ( ) And I also think uranus should be renamed to "Caelus" to avoid the issues with the name "uranus". It is pronounced "Say-less" instead of the rather awkward name that uranus has.
Uranus is not pronounced the way you think it is. How about instead of renaming it, just start pronouncing it correctly...
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| JackDole | Date: Thursday, 09.06.2016, 11:30 | Message # 159 |
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| Tartaros or Tartarus, would be a better name for Planet 9
The Tartaros is the deepest part of the underworld. And he is the God which rules there. Actually both are the same, the location and the God.
Pluto has nothing to say there.
Don't forget to look here.
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| spacer | Date: Thursday, 09.06.2016, 11:41 | Message # 160 |
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| JackDole, i like that. need some name that related to something like ghost like, dark and deep.
"we began as wanderers, and we are wanderers still"
-carl sagan
-space engine photographer
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| Mosfet | Date: Thursday, 09.06.2016, 14:54 | Message # 161 |
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| Quote steeljaw354 ( ) rather awkward name that uranus has.
This is me when someone whines about that name:
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| steeljaw354 | Date: Thursday, 09.06.2016, 19:10 | Message # 162 |
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| Or what about the name Nibiru?
Edited by steeljaw354 - Thursday, 09.06.2016, 19:12 |
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| Watsisname | Date: Friday, 10.06.2016, 02:09 | Message # 163 |
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| I just realized that the table in wikipedia and numerous other sources get the value for Soter's planetary discriminant wrong for Mars. According to Soter's paper, it's 5.1*103, not 1.8*105. So I edited the wikipedia page to fix that, and I also produced a new plot, which also adds a couple other KBO's:
The impact is still the same. There is a distinct bi-modal distribution, with members of each population contained within about 3 orders of magnitude, and the two populations separated by 4 orders of magnitude. So a natural question to ask is why is that? When we see such distributions in nature, there's usually an important physical mechanism behind them. In this case, simulations suggest it is a result of the dynamics of accretion and scattering during planet formation and early solar system evolution.
Some might argue that the gap between these two populations could be filled in other systems; that maybe our system is an outlier based on how giant planet migration played out. But simulations suggest the same kind of distribution should appear in general. There will be some differences in terms of the compactness of the system, e.g. around low mass stars, where timescale of removal of objects by collisions becomes important relative to removal by scattering.
Finally, while Soter's discriminant is a really powerful measure of planethood, it does have a flaw in that it requires knowledge of all the minor material in the orbital space. Of course, we have no such measures outside of our solar system. This is why other metrics were created which attempt to capture "how well" a planet accretes or scatters material from its orbital space, based purely on mass and orbital period which we can determine remotely. Those measures seem to be consistent with Soter's discriminant.
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| Watsisname | Date: Friday, 10.06.2016, 04:41 | Message # 164 |
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| One more post to answer an excellent question, which will lead to an important statement about dynamics. :)
Quote midtskogen ( ) Quote Watsisname
With over 40,000 orbits since the formation of the solar system, then statistically it would have passed through Jupiter's Hill sphere about a thousand times. Jupiter would have scattered it. Ok, but would all the other planets have scattered it if it went through their orbit?
Hill Sphere radius is proportional to planet's semi-major axis, and cube root of planet mass. Circumference of planet's orbit scales with semi-major axis. So the probability of a planet-crossing orbit intersecting the Hill Sphere does not depend on that planet's orbital distance, and it grows as the third root of planet mass. That's not a very strong dependence, so you shouldn't expect a huge difference among the giant planets.
Indeed, here are the numbers:
# of intersections for Jupiter: 978
Saturn: 654
Uranus: 350
Neptune: 370
All well over 100. So we expect scattering.
What about the much less massive inner planets?
Mars: 68
Earth: 143
Venus: 134
Mercury: 54
That's still more than 1. Maybe not so much more than 1 to be really convincing. However, if the object was a potential rival to Jupiter, then the inner planets would be passing through its Hill Sphere (a lot more frequently), and they would be scattered. The solar system would not look the way it does.
This result is important. The scattering process does not allow objects which are strongly mutually-interacting to exist in such a way that the can stay strongly interacting for very long. Why would there be object with a mass comparable to a solar system planet be in a hugely eccentric orbit with a period of 100,000 years, anyway? Because it got scattered.
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| midtskogen | Date: Friday, 10.06.2016, 07:29 | Message # 165 |
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| Quote Watsisname ( ) Soter's planetary discriminant
It's interesting to see that Earth is two and a half order of magnitudes more a planet than Mars, so Mars is much closer to being a non-planet (< 100) than to being a planet like Earth. So much for Mars as a second home for humans...
Quote Watsisname ( ) That's still more than 1. Maybe not so much more than 1 to be really convincing.
Well, we can probably safely assume that there aren't 100 such planet like objects in hugely eccentric orbits. It doesn't take much convincing to assume that our solar system indeed has settled. But I think the numbers show that it's reasonable that the process could take several hundred million years and the entire process of forming a proper planet a billion years. Which is a very long time even astronomically. It could also mean that the earliest forms of life on Earth appeared before Earth earned its planethood.
The formation of a solar system appears to start rapidly and logarithmically slow down. The star forms relatively fast, the planets need more time to form, and the orbits to settle takes even more time.
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Edited by midtskogen - Friday, 10.06.2016, 07:36 |
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